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Attested
Found in inscriptions or medieval manuscripts.
Ingwaz is the twenty-second rune of the Elder Futhark and writes the "ng" sound, as in "sing." That sound never begins a word, so this rune, like the z rune, could not be named after its own first sound.
Only the Old English poem includes this rune. Its stanza tells of Ing, first seen among the East-Danes, who later went east over the waves, and says the Heardingas named the hero after him.
Reconstructed
Scholarly reconstruction from linguistic evidence.
The Proto-Germanic name is reconstructed as *ingwaz, the name Ing.
In practice today
How people use this rune now, in divination, magic, and devotion. Valid in its own right, and labeled modern so it isn’t mistaken for history.
In Ralph Blum's modern divination system, this rune (spelled Inguz) is read as fertility.
Practice today: wyrd, galdr, and other old words people use when working with the runes now.