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Attested
Found in inscriptions or medieval manuscripts.
This is the thirteenth rune of the Elder Futhark, usually transliterated ï or æ. Its exact sound is disputed; scholars agree only that it was a front vowel.
Only the Old English poem includes this rune. It calls it ēoh, the yew, a tree with rough bark and firm roots that guards fire and adds joy to an estate.
Reconstructed
Scholarly reconstruction from linguistic evidence.
The Proto-Germanic name is tentatively reconstructed as *īhwaz or *īwaz, "yew tree." Scholars mark the reconstruction as uncertain.
In practice today
How people use this rune now, in divination, magic, and devotion. Valid in its own right, and labeled modern so it isn’t mistaken for history.
In Ralph Blum's modern divination system, this rune (spelled Eihwaz) is read as defense.
Practice today: wyrd, galdr, and other old words people use when working with the runes now.